You could dismantle the EGR and find out , this is a task that should be done often, perhaps every service or every other service, depends how you drive . you are looking at removing built up gunge and carbon.
But, what they recommend here is you plug in a code scanner , then you find out if the EGR is stuck or sticking open, or any other problems Causing this.
Forscan - that's what they recommend here . you may get more info from this
NOTE: you can use forscan to get correct fault codes with proper explanation of them - a generic fault code reader may be somewhat misleading, or doesn't work
"Forscan" is FREE software that you download to a laptop..you buy the interface cable -- this is just the cable, you need a laptop)
You can join the forscan forum ..again free, to get the software and more answers.
https://forscan.org/forum/Then you come here list the fault codes here ..and we will try to work out the problem.
all the best.mark